名字

chown - 修改文件所有者和組別  

總覽

chown [options] user [:group] file...

POSIX 選項(xiàng)： [-R]

GNU 選項(xiàng)(最短格式): [-cfhvR] [--dereference] [--reference=rfile] [--help] [--version] [--]  

描述

chown 修改每個(gè)由***個(gè)非選項(xiàng)參數(shù)聲明的給定 file(文件) 的用戶和/或組的所有權(quán).如下: 如果只給出了用戶名(或者數(shù)字用戶標(biāo)識(shí)),那么該用戶即成為每個(gè)指定文件的所有者,而該文件的組別并不改變.如果用戶名后面緊跟著冒號(hào)和組名(或者是數(shù)字組標(biāo)識(shí)),并且它們之間沒(méi)有空格,那么文件的組所有權(quán)也隨之改變.  

GNU細(xì)節(jié)

GNU版本允許使用一個(gè)點(diǎn)來(lái)替代冒號(hào)(學(xué)BSD的).[因?yàn)辄c(diǎn)是有效的用戶名中的字符,所以這不被POSIX所接納.]如果有一個(gè)冒號(hào)或者點(diǎn),卻沒(méi)有組名跟在用戶名后,那么該用戶即成為文件的所有者,而且文件的組改為該用戶的登錄組.如果給定了冒號(hào)或者點(diǎn),以及組,但是省略了用戶名,那么只有文件的組被修改;在這種情況下, chown 執(zhí)行的是與 chgrp 相同的功能.  

POSIX選項(xiàng)

-R

遞歸地修改目錄及其下面內(nèi)容的所有權(quán).

GNU選項(xiàng)

-c, --changes

詳盡地描述每個(gè) file 實(shí)際改變了哪些所有權(quán).

-f, --silent, --quiet

不打印文件所有權(quán)不能修改的報(bào)錯(cuò)信息.

-h, --no-dereference

只作用于其本身的符號(hào)鏈接,而不修改它們所指向的文件. 這只在提供了 lchown 系統(tǒng)調(diào)用的情況下才可用.

-v, --verbose

詳盡地描述對(duì)每個(gè) file 所執(zhí)行的操作(或者無(wú)操作).

-R, --recursive

遞歸地修改目錄及其下面內(nèi)容的所有權(quán).

--dereference

修改符號(hào)鏈接目標(biāo)端的所有權(quán),而非符號(hào)鏈接自身. (fileutils 4.0中實(shí)現(xiàn)的新功能.)

--reference=rfile

(fileutils 4.0中實(shí)現(xiàn)的新功能.) 修改 file 的所有權(quán)為 rfile 的所有權(quán).

GNU標(biāo)準(zhǔn)選項(xiàng)

--help

在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)輸出上打印一條用法信息,并以成功狀態(tài)退出.

--version

在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)輸出上打印版本信息,然后以成功狀態(tài)退出.

--

終止選項(xiàng)列表.

環(huán)境變量

變量LANG, LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE和LC_MESSAGES取其常用義.  

遵循

POSIX 1003.2不允許使用點(diǎn)作為用戶名和組名的分隔符.  

備注

本頁(yè)描述了包括在fileutils-4.0包中的 chown; 其它版本會(huì)有細(xì)微差別. 請(qǐng)將您的修正和增補(bǔ)建議發(fā)到aeb@cwi.nl. 程序中的bugs請(qǐng)報(bào)告到 fileutils-bugs@gnu.ai.mit.edu.  

#p#

NAME

chown - change file owner and group  

SYNOPSIS

chown [OPTION]... OWNER[:[GROUP]] FILE...
chown [OPTION]... :GROUP FILE...
chown [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...  

DESCRIPTION

This manual page documents the GNU version of chown. chown changes the user and/or group ownership of each given file, according to its first non-option argument, which is interpreted as follows. If only a user name (or numeric user ID) is given, that user is made the owner of each given file, and the files' group is not changed. If the user name is followed by a colon or dot and a group name (or numeric group ID), with no spaces between them, the group ownership of the files is changed as well. If a colon or dot but no group name follows the user name, that user is made the owner of the files and the group of the files is changed to that user's login group. If the colon or dot and group are given, but the user name is omitted, only the group of the files is changed; in this case, chown performs the same function as chgrp.  

OPTIONS

Change the owner and/or group of each FILE to OWNER and/or GROUP. With --reference, change the owner and group of each FILE to those of RFILE.

-c, --changes

like verbose but report only when a change is made

--dereference

affect the referent of each symbolic link, rather than the symbolic link itself (this is the default)

-h, --no-dereference

affect each symbolic link instead of any referenced file (useful only on systems that can change the ownership of a symlink)

--from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP

change the owner and/or group of each file only if its current owner and/or group match those specified here. Either may be omitted, in which case a match is not required for the omitted attribute.

--no-preserve-root do not treat `/' specially (the default)

--preserve-root

fail to operate recursively on `/'

-f, --silent, --quiet

suppress most error messages

--reference=RFILE

use RFILE's owner and group rather than the specifying OWNER:GROUP values

-R, --recursive

operate on files and directories recursively

-v, --verbose

output a diagnostic for every file processed

The following options modify how a hierarchy is traversed when the -R option is also specified. If more than one is specified, only the final one takes effect.

-H

if a command line argument is a symbolic link to a directory, traverse it

-L

traverse every symbolic link to a directory encountered

-P

do not traverse any symbolic links (default)

--help

display this help and exit

--version

output version information and exit

Owner is unchanged if missing. Group is unchanged if missing, but changed to login group if implied by a `:'. OWNER and GROUP may be numeric as well as symbolic.  

AUTHOR

Written by David MacKenzie and Jim Meyering.  

REPORTING BUGS

Report bugs to <bug-coreutils@gnu.org>.  

COPYRIGHT

Copyright © 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  

SEE ALSO

The full documentation for chown is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and chown programs are properly installed at your site, the command

info coreutils chown

should give you access to the complete manual.