NAME(名稱)

hostname - 顯示或設置系統的主機名
domainname - 顯示或設置系統的NIS/YP域名
dnsdomainname - 顯示系統的DNS域名
nisdomainname - 顯示或設置系統的NIS/YP域名
ypdomainname - 顯示或設置系統的NIS/YP域名
nodename - 顯示或設置系統的DECnet節點名

SYNOPSIS(總覽)

hostname [-v] [-a] [--alias] [-d] [--domain] [-f] [--fqdn] [-i] [--ip-address] [--long] [-s] [--short] [-y] [--yp] [--nis] [-n] [--node]

hostname [-v] [-F filename] [--file filename] [hostname]

domainname [-v] [-F filename] [--file filename] [name]

nodename [-v] [-F filename] [--file filename] [name]

hostname [-v] [-h] [--help] [-V] [--version]

dnsdomainname [-v]
nisdomainname [-v]
ypdomainname [-v]

DESCRIPTION(描述)

Hostname 是一個用來設置或顯示當前主機,域或者系統的節點名的程序.許多聯網程序使用這些名字來標識機器.NIS/YP同樣也使用域名.

GET NAME(獲取名字)

如果不調用任何參數,程序即顯示當前的名字:

hostname 會打印系統的名字為通過 gethostname(2) 函數返回的值.

domainname,nisdomainname,ypdomainname 會打印系統的名字為通過 getdomainname(2) 函數返回的值.這同時也被看作系統的YP/NIS域名.

nodename 會打印系統的DECnet節點名為通過 getnodename(2) 函數返回的值.

dnsdomainname 會打印FQDN(完全資格域名)的域部分.系統的完整的FQDN可使用 hostname --fqdn 返回.

SET NAME(設置名字)

如果帶一個參數或者帶 --file 選項調用的話,命令即設置主機名,NIS/YP域名或者節點名.

注意,只有超級用戶才可以修改這些名字.

不可能使用 dnsdomainname 命令(參看下面的 THE FQDN ) 來設置FQDN或者DNS域名.

每次系統啟動時,主機名通常在 /etc/rc.d/rc.inet1 或 /etc/init.d/boot (一般通過讀取文件的內容,其中包括了主機名,例如, /etc/hostname )中設置.

THE FQDN

你不能使用該命令修改FQDN(通過 hostname --fqdn 返回) 或者DNS域名(通過 dnsdomainname 返回).系統的FQDN是一個由 resolver(3) 返回的主機名.

從技術上說:FQDN指的是使用 gethostbyname(2) 以返回 gethostname (2) 所返回主機名的名字. DNS域名是***個圓點之后的部分.

因此它依賴于你修改方式的配置(通常在 /etc/host.conf 中).通常(如果hosts文件在DNS或NIS之前解析)你可以在 /etc/hosts 中修改.

OPTIONS(選項)

-a,--alias

顯示主機的別名(如果使用了的話).

-d,--domain

顯示DNS域名.不要使用命令 domainname 來獲得DNS域名,因為這會顯示NIS域名而非DNS域名.可使用 dnsdomainname 替換之.

-F,--file filename

從指定文件中讀取主機名.注釋(以一個`#'開頭的行)可忽略.

-f,--fqdn,--long

顯示FQDN(完全資格域名).一個FQDN包括一個短格式主機名和DNS域名.除非你正在使用bind或者NIS來作主機查詢,否則你可以在/etc/hosts文件中修改FQDN和DNS域名(這是FQDN的一部分).

-h,--help

打印用法信息并退出.

-i,--ip-address

顯示主機的IP地址(組).

-n,--node

顯示DECnet節點名.如果指定了參數(或者指定了 --file name ),那么root也可以設置一個新的節點名.

-s,--short

顯示短格式主機名.這是一個去掉***個圓點后面部分的主機名.

-V,--version

在標準輸出上打印版本信息并以成功的狀態退出.

-v,--verbose

詳盡說明并告知所正在執行的.

-y,--yp,--nis

顯示NIS域名.如果指定了參數(或者指定了 --file name ),那么root也可以設置一個新的NIS域.

FILES(相關文件)

/etc/hosts  

AUTHOR(作者)

Peter Tobias, <tobias@et-inf.fho-emden.de>
ernd Eckenfels, <net-tools@lina.inka.de> (NIS and manpage).
Steve Whitehouse, <SteveW@ACM.org> (DECnet support and manpage).

#p#

NAME

hostname - show or set the system's host name
domainname - show or set the system's NIS/YP domain name
dnsdomainname - show the system's DNS domain name
nisdomainname - show or set system's NIS/YP domain name
ypdomainname - show or set the system's NIS/YP domain name

SYNOPSIS

hostname [-v] [-a] [--alias] [-d] [--domain] [-f] [--fqdn] [-i] [--ip-address] [--long] [-s] [--short] [-y] [--yp] [--nis] [-n] [--node]

hostname [-v] [-F filename] [--file filename] [hostname]

domainname [-v] [-F filename] [--file filename] [name]

nodename [-v] [-F filename] [--file filename] [name]

hostname [-v] [-h] [--help] [-V] [--version]

dnsdomainname [-v]
nisdomainname [-v]
ypdomainname [-v]

DESCRIPTION

Hostname is the program that is used to either set or display the current host, domain or node name of the system. These names are used by many of the networking programs to identify the machine. The domain name is also used by NIS/YP.

GET NAME

When called without any arguments, the program displays the current names:

hostname will print the name of the system as returned by the gethostname(2) function.

domainname, nisdomainname, ypdomainname will print the name of the system as returned by the getdomainname(2) function. This is also known as the YP/NIS domain name of the system.

dnsdomainname will print the domain part of the FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name). The complete FQDN of the system is returned with hostname --fqdn.

SET NAME

When called with one argument or with the --file option, the commands set the host name, the NIS/YP domain name or the node name.

Note, that only the super-user can change the names.

It is not possible to set the FQDN or the DNS domain name with the dnsdomainname command (see THE FQDN below).

The host name is usually set once at system startup in /etc/rc.d/rc.inet1 or /etc/init.d/boot (normally by reading the contents of a file which contains the host name, e.g. /etc/hostname).

THE FQDN

You can't change the FQDN (as returned by hostname --fqdn) or the DNS domain name (as returned by dnsdomainname) with this command. The FQDN of the system is the name that the resolver(3) returns for the host name.

Technically: The FQDN is the name gethostbyname(2) returns for the host name returned by gethostname(2). The DNS domain name is the part after the first dot.

Therefore it depends on the configuration (usually in /etc/host.conf) how you can change it. Usually (if the hosts file is parsed before DNS or NIS) you can change it in /etc/hosts.

OPTIONS

-a, --alias

Display the alias name of the host (if used).

-d, --domain

Display the name of the DNS domain. Don't use the command domainname to get the DNS domain name because it will show the NIS domain name and not the DNS domain name. Use dnsdomainname instead.

-F, --file filename

Read the host name from the specified file. Comments (lines starting with a `#') are ignored.

-f, --fqdn, --long

Display the FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name). A FQDN consists of a short host name and the DNS domain name. Unless you are using bind or NIS for host lookups you can change the FQDN and the DNS domain name (which is part of the FQDN) in the /etc/hosts file.

-h, --help

Print a usage message and exit.

-i, --ip-address

Display the IP address(es) of the host.

-s, --short

Display the short host name. This is the host name cut at the first dot.

-V, --version

Print version information on standard output and exit successfully.

-v, --verbose

Be verbose and tell what's going on.

-y, --yp, --nis

Display the NIS domain name. If a parameter is given (or --file name ) then root can also set a new NIS domain.

FILES

/etc/hosts  

AUTHOR

Peter Tobias, <tobias@et-inf.fho-emden.de>
Bernd Eckenfels, <net-tools@lina.inka.de> (NIS and manpage).
Steve Whitehouse, <SteveW@ACM.org> (DECnet support and manpage).