WebServices返回?cái)?shù)據(jù)的4種方法橫向比較
以前經(jīng)常在群里聽(tīng)到朋友們說(shuō)WebServices的性能特別的慢，說(shuō)的如何如何。說(shuō)實(shí)話(huà)，WebServices的確比調(diào)用本地?cái)?shù)據(jù)要慢一些，可是究竟有多慢，真的如朋友們說(shuō)的那么難以忍受嗎？我個(gè)人感覺(jué)，多半原因在處理的方式上。讓我們親自編寫(xiě)測(cè)試代碼，來(lái)證明這一切吧。文章由于是我一段時(shí)間的總結(jié)篇，因此難免參雜個(gè)人主觀因素，說(shuō)的不對(duì)的地方，還請(qǐng)多多批評(píng)。以下我們主要從調(diào)用WebServices的方法的特點(diǎn)、應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景、測(cè)試結(jié)果三個(gè)方面來(lái)進(jìn)行下說(shuō)明分析。
1. 直接返回DataSet對(duì)象
特點(diǎn)：直接返回DataSet對(duì)象。
應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景：1.內(nèi)網(wǎng)。2.外網(wǎng)且數(shù)據(jù)量在kb級(jí)別時(shí)。
2.返回DataSet對(duì)象用Binary序列化后的字節(jié)數(shù)組
特點(diǎn)：字節(jié)數(shù)組流的處理模式。
應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景：較大數(shù)據(jù)交換。
3.返回DataSetSurrogate對(duì)象用Binary 序列化后的字節(jié)數(shù)組
特點(diǎn)：使用微軟提供的開(kāi)源組件進(jìn)行序列化，依然是字節(jié)流的處理模式。詳情請(qǐng)參考：http://support.microsoft.com/kb/829740/zh-cn
應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景： 較大數(shù)據(jù)交換。
4.返回DataSetSurrogate對(duì)象用Binary 序列化并Zip壓縮后的字節(jié)數(shù)組
特點(diǎn)：使用微軟提供的開(kāi)源組件對(duì)字節(jié)流數(shù)組進(jìn)行壓縮后傳遞，依然是字節(jié)流的處理模式。詳情請(qǐng)參考：http://support.microsoft.com/kb/829740/zh-cn
應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景：外網(wǎng)環(huán)境需要進(jìn)行大數(shù)據(jù)量網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)傳遞時(shí)，建議采用此種方法。也是筆者強(qiáng)烈向大家推薦使用的一種方法。
WebServices的代碼如下：
WebServicesusing System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;
using System.Data;
using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Common;
using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Data;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Compression;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
namespace WebService1
{
///
/// Service1 的摘要說(shuō)明
///
[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
[System.ComponentModel.ToolboxItem(false)]
public class Service1 : System.Web.Services.WebService
{
[WebMethod(Description="直接返回DataSet對(duì)象")]
public DataSet GetDataSet()
{
string sql = "select * from Customers";
Database db = DatabaseFactory.CreateDatabase();
DataSet ds = db.ExecuteDataSet(CommandType.Text,sql);
return ds;
}
[WebMethod(Description = "返回DataSet對(duì)象用Binary序列化后的字節(jié)數(shù)組")]
public byte[] GetBytes()
{
DataSet ds = GetDataSet();
BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
bf.Serialize(ms, ds);
byte[] buffer = ms.ToArray();
return buffer;
}
[WebMethod(Description = "返回DataSetSurrogate對(duì)象用Binary序列化后的字節(jié)數(shù)組")]
public byte[] GetDataSetSurrogateBytes()
{
DataSet ds = GetDataSet();
DataSetSurrogate dss = new DataSetSurrogate(ds);
BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
bf.Serialize(ms,dss);
byte[] buffer = ms.ToArray();
return buffer;
}
[WebMethod(Description = "返回DataSetSurrogate對(duì)象用Binary序列化并ZIP壓縮后的字節(jié)數(shù)組")]
public byte[] GetDataSetSurrogateZipBytes()
{
DataSet DS = GetDataSet();
DataSetSurrogate dss = new DataSetSurrogate(DS);
BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
bf.Serialize(ms, dss);
byte[] buffer = ms.ToArray();
byte[] Zipbuffer = Compress(buffer);
return Zipbuffer;
}
//壓縮壓縮后的字節(jié)數(shù)組
public byte[] Compress(byte[] data)
{
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
Stream zipStream = new GZipStream(ms, CompressionMode.Compress, true);
zipStream.Write(data, >0, data.Length);
zipStream.Close();
ms.Position = >0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[ms.Length];
ms.Read(buffer, >0,int.Parse(ms.Length.ToString()));
return buffer;
}
}
}
客戶(hù)端調(diào)用WebServices的代碼如下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using WebServicesClient.localhost;
using System.Data;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
using System.IO;
using System.Diagnostics;
namespace WebServicesClient
{
public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page
{
Service1 s = new Service1();
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
//直接返回DataSet對(duì)象
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
sw.Start();
DataSet ds = s.GetDataSet();
GridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[>0].DefaultView;
GridView1.DataBind();
sw.Stop();
Label1.Text = string.Format("耗時(shí)：{0}毫秒", sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString());
}
//得到DataSet對(duì)象用Binary序列化后的字節(jié)數(shù)組
protected void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
sw.Start();
byte[] buffer = s.GetBytes();
BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
DataSet ds = bf.Deserialize(new MemoryStream(buffer)) as DataSet;
GridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[>0].DefaultView;
GridView1.DataBind();
sw.Stop();
Label2.Text = string.Format("耗時(shí)：{1}毫秒；數(shù)據(jù)大小：{0}", buffer.Length.ToString(), sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString());
}
//得到DataSetSurrogate對(duì)象用Binary序列化后的字節(jié)數(shù)組
protected void Button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
sw.Start();
byte[] buffer = s.GetDataSetSurrogateBytes();
BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
DataSetSurrogate dss = bf.Deserialize(new MemoryStream(buffer)) as DataSetSurrogate;
DataSet ds = dss.ConvertToDataSet();
GridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[>0].DefaultView;
GridView1.DataBind();
sw.Stop();
Label3.Text = string.Format("耗時(shí)：{1}毫秒；數(shù)據(jù)大小：{0}", buffer.Length.ToString(), sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString());
}
//得到DataSetSurrogate對(duì)象用Binary序列化并ZIP壓縮后的字節(jié)數(shù)組
protected void Button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
sw.Start();
byte[] zipBuffer = s.GetDataSetSurrogateZipBytes();
byte[] buffer = UnZip.Decompress(zipBuffer);
BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
DataSetSurrogate dss = bf.Deserialize(new MemoryStream(buffer)) as DataSetSurrogate;
DataSet ds = dss.ConvertToDataSet();
GridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[>0].DefaultView;
GridView1.DataBind();
sw.Stop();
Label4.Text = string.Format("耗時(shí)：{1}毫秒；數(shù)據(jù)大小：{0}",zipBuffer.Length.ToString(),sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString());
}
}
}
測(cè)試的結(jié)果按照先后順序如下圖所示：
關(guān)于測(cè)試結(jié)果的特殊說(shuō)明，由于測(cè)試環(huán)境是在本地，數(shù)據(jù)量也不是很大，測(cè)試的結(jié)果離實(shí)際情況還不是很接近，如果大家有條件的話(huà)，可以測(cè)試一下，同時(shí)希望把測(cè)試的結(jié)果提供給大家參考。
最后，為了方便大家，這里還提供了源碼下載，下載地址如下：
/Files/wlb/WebServiceSummary.rar
關(guān)于源代碼的特殊說(shuō)明：筆者這里的開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境為VS2008中文版sp1+SQLServer2008sp1。數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)為Northwind數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。
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