使用Spring Boot和Rust生成二維碼的性能比較（附代碼）

作者：學研妹 2023-09-24 22:34:41

開發

本文重點比較使用虛擬線程的SpringBoot和使用Actix框架的Rust，來實現QR碼生成器API。

本文重點比較使用虛擬線程的SpringBoot和使用Actix框架的Rust，來實現QR碼生成器API。這兩種技術都是成熟的，無需進一步介紹。接下來，讓我們直接深入測試設置的細節。

一、測試設置

1. 環境

所有測試都在裝有16GB RAM的MacBook Pro M1上進行。使用的測試工具是Bombardier的定制版本，支持在請求體中包含隨機URL。這些測試使用的軟件版本如下：

SpringBoot 3.1.3，帶有Java v20（啟用預覽以獲取虛擬線程）
Rust 1.72.0

2. 代碼

這個QR碼生成器應用程序被設計成接收一個JSON請求體，其中包含一個名為"urlToEmbed"的必需參數。該應用程序的主要功能是為指定的URL生成一個QR碼，并在HTTP響應中以PNG格式傳送QR碼。為增加復雜性，該應用程序在HTTPS上運行。

(1) SpringBoot（虛擬線程）

server.port=3000
server.ssl.certificate=/Users/mayankc/Work/source/certs/cert.pem
server.ssl.certificate-private-key=/Users/mayankc/Work/source/certs/key.pem

package com.example.qr;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatProtocolHandlerCustomizer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

@SpringBootApplication
public class QrApplication {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(QrApplication.class, args);
  }

  @Bean
  public TomcatProtocolHandlerCustomizer<?> protocolHandlerVirtualThreadExecutorCustomizer() {
    return protocolHandler -> {
      protocolHandler.setExecutor(Executors.newVirtualThreadPerTaskExecutor());
    };
  }
}

package com.example.qr;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.Optional;
import com.example.qr.QrRequest;
import com.example.qr.QrGenerator;

@RestController
public class QrController {

  @PostMapping("/qr")
  public ResponseEntity handleRequest(@RequestBody QrRequest qrRequest) {
    if(qrRequest.getUrlToEmbed() == null) {
      return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
    }

    try {
      HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
      httpHeaders.add(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE, "image/png");
      return new ResponseEntity<byte[]>(
         QrGenerator.generateQR(qrRequest.getUrlToEmbed(), 512, 512), 
         httpHeaders,
         HttpStatus.OK);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
    }
  }
}

package com.example.qr;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.WriterException;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageConfig;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageWriter;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.QRCodeWriter;

public class QrGenerator {

  public static byte[] generateQR(String text, int width, int height) throws WriterException, IOException {
    QRCodeWriter qrCodeWriter = new QRCodeWriter();
    BitMatrix bitMatrix = qrCodeWriter.encode(text, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height);

    ByteArrayOutputStream pngOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    MatrixToImageConfig con = new MatrixToImageConfig() ;

    MatrixToImageWriter.writeToStream(bitMatrix, "PNG", pngOutputStream, con);
    byte[] pngData = pngOutputStream.toByteArray();
    return pngData;
  }
}

package com.example.qr;

public class QrRequest {
  private String urlToEmbed;

  public String getUrlToEmbed() {
    return this.urlToEmbed;
  }

  public void setUrlToEmbed(String urlToEmbed) {
    this.urlToEmbed = urlToEmbed;
  }
}

(2) Rust

[package]
name = "actix_qr_generator"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2021"

[dependencies]
actix-web = { version = "4", features = ["openssl"] } 
qrcode-generator = "4.1.8"
serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
serde_json = "1"
openssl = { version = "0.10" , features = ["vendored"] }

use actix_web::{web, post, App, HttpServer, HttpResponse, Responder};
use qrcode_generator::QrCodeEcc;
use serde::Deserialize;
use openssl::ssl::{SslAcceptor, SslFiletype, SslMethod};

#[derive(Deserialize)]
struct QrRequest {
  urlToEmbed: String,
}

#[post("/qr")]
async fn generate_qr(qr_request: web::Json<QrRequest>) -> impl Responder {
  if qr_request.urlToEmbed.is_empty() {
    return HttpResponse::BadRequest().into();
  }


  let result: Vec<u8> = qrcode_generator::to_png_to_vec(qr_request.urlToEmbed.clone(), QrCodeEcc::Low, 512)
    .unwrap();
  return HttpResponse::Ok()
    .content_type("image/png")
    .body(result);
}

#[actix_web::main]
async fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
  let mut builder = SslAcceptor::mozilla_intermediate(SslMethod::tls()).unwrap();
  builder
    .set_private_key_file("/Users/mayankc/Work/source/perfComparisons/certs/key.pem", SslFiletype::PEM)
    .unwrap();
  builder
    .set_certificate_chain_file("/Users/mayankc/Work/source/perfComparisons/certs/cert.pem")
    .unwrap();

  HttpServer::new(|| App::new().service(generate_qr))
    .bind_openssl("127.0.0.1:3000", builder)?
    .run()
    .await
}


// 注意 ================================================
// 該應用程序已在發布模式下構建。
// =====================================================