MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)密碼忘記了且沒(méi)有其他可以修改賬號(hào)密碼的賬戶時(shí)怎么辦呢?

登錄MySQL,密碼輸入錯(cuò)誤
/* 密碼錯(cuò)誤,報(bào)如下錯(cuò)誤 */
[root@TESTDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p -P3306
Enter password:
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
如果忘記密碼,對(duì)于MySQL而言處理起來(lái)也相對(duì)比較簡(jiǎn)單。但需要修改配置,重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。可以按照如下步驟處理。
1. 修改數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)配置文件
vim /etc/my.cnf
-- 添加如下參數(shù)
skip_grant_tables
2. 重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
如果部署了服務(wù) 可以重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)服務(wù)重啟,如果沒(méi)有部署,需要?dú)⒌魯?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)程,在重新啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。
/* 重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)服務(wù) */
/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
或
ps -ef|grep mysql /* 查出MySQL 的進(jìn)程號(hào),下一步中使用 */
kill 30516 29246 /* 不建議使用 kill -9 */
3. 登錄數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)修改密碼
/* 此時(shí)可以直接登錄數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) 無(wú)需輸入密碼 */
[root@TESTDB ~]# mysql -uroot -P3306
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.23-24-log Percona Server (GPL), Release 24, Revision 57a9574
Copyright (c) 2009-2018 Percona LLC and/or its affiliates
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
/* MySQL5.7 中修改密碼 */
mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('123456') where user='root' and host='localhost';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 0 Warnings: 1
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
注:
a) 不可以使用set password命令修改密碼,只能通過(guò)更新數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)表的方式
mysql> set password=password('123456');
ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement
b) 使用update表mysql.user的方式需要flush privileges生效
c) 不同的版本mysql.user的字段以及密碼加密方式不同,例如MySQL5.6中密碼存儲(chǔ)在password中,MySQL8.0中加密方式有變更等,處理時(shí)需要根據(jù)版本來(lái)相應(yīng)修改腳本處理。
4 . 將配置文件還原
去掉第1步中my.cnf配置文件中添加的skip_grant_tables參數(shù)
vim /etc/my.cnf
#skip_grant_tables /* 注釋掉該參數(shù)*/
5. 重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
Mysql5.7中可以直接在MySQL命令行中使用shutdown命令關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),之后再啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)即可。
mysql> shutdown;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
啟動(dòng)后,即可使用重置后的密碼登錄
[root@TESTDB ~]# mysql -uroot -P3306 -p'123456'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.23-24-log Percona Server (GPL), Release 24, Revision 57a9574
Copyright (c) 2009-2018 Percona LLC and/or its affiliates
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
至此,密碼重置完畢。
TIPS: 生產(chǎn)環(huán)境的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)密碼一定要妥善保管,雖然可以找回,但需要重啟,影響數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)可用性。