在向大家詳細(xì)介紹CentOS Data Guard 之前，首先讓大家了解下CentOS Data Guard ，然后全面介紹CentOS Data Guard ，希望對(duì)大家有用。[實(shí)驗(yàn)]CentOS Data Guard環(huán)境下修改數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)字符集 環(huán)境.

VMWARE  
OS：CentOS 5.3  
Primary：Oracle 10.2.0.1.0  
Standby：Oracle 10.2.0.1.0 

CentOS Data Guard下面的操作均在Primary上，不會(huì)影響到Standby DB，備庫(kù)需要單獨(dú)操作。數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)更改字符集：源字符集CentOS Data Guard目標(biāo)字符集WE8ISO8859P1 --> AL32UTF8AL16UTF16 --> AL16UTF16

<方法一>：由于目標(biāo)CentOS Data Guard字符集不是源字符集的超集，所以導(dǎo)致失敗

　　Startup nomount;  
　　Alter database mount exclusive;  
　　Alter system enable restricted session;  
　　Alter system set job_queue_processes=0;**  
　　Alter database open;  
　　Alter database character set AL32UTF8; 

在***一步報(bào)錯(cuò)，內(nèi)容為目標(biāo)字符集不是源字符集的超集過(guò)程：

SQL> shutdown immediate;  
Database closed.  
Database dismounted.  
ORACLE instance shut down.  
SQL> startup nomount;  
ORA-32004: obsolete and/or deprecated parameter(s) specified  
ORACLE instance started.  

Total System Global Area  272629760 bytes  
Fixed Size                  1218920 bytes  
Variable Size              92276376 bytes  
Database Buffers          176160768 bytes  
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes  
SQL> Alter database mount exclusive;  

Database altered.  
SQL> Alter system enable restricted session;  
System altered.  
SQL> Alter system set job_queue_processes=0;  
System altered.  
SQL> Alter database open;  
Database altered.  
SQL> Alter database character set AL32UTF8;  
Alter database character set AL32UTF8  
ERROR at line 1:  
ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set  

SQL> host  
[oracle@Primary ~]$ oerr ora 12712  
12712, 00000, "new character set must be a superset of old character set"  
// *Cause: When you ALTER DATABASE ... CHARACTER SET, the new  
//         character set must be a superset of the old character set.  
//         For example, WE8ISO8859P1 is not a superset of the WE8DEC.  
// *Action: Specify a superset character set.  

 CentOS Data Guard<方法二>：成功，但此方法非常危險(xiǎn)，可能會(huì)造成數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)崩潰
SQL> show user;
USER is "SYS"
SQL> select status from v$instance; 
STATUS
OPEN
SQL> update props$ set value$ = 'AL32UTF8' where name = 'NLS_CHARACTERSET';
 
1 row updated.SQL> update props$ set value$ = 'AL16UTF16' where name = 'NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET';1 row updated.SQL> commit;Commit complete.
 
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
/home/oracle>sqlplus / as sysdba;
 
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Apr 15 17:15:47 2009
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
 
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORA-32004: obsolete and/or deprecated parameter(s) specified
ORACLE instance started.
 
Total System Global Area  272629760 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218920 bytes
Variable Size              92276376 bytes
Database Buffers          176160768 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter system enable restricted session;
 
System altered.
 
SQL> alter system set job_queue_processes=0;
 
System altered.
 
SQL> alter database open;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database character set AL32UTF8;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
/home/oracle>sqlplus / as sysdba;
 
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Apr 15 17:21:15 2009
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
Connected to an idle instance.
 
SQL> startup
ORA-32004: obsolete and/or deprecated parameter(s) specified
ORACLE instance started.
 
Total System Global Area  272629760 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218920 bytes
Variable Size              92276376 bytes
Database Buffers          176160768 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
 
SQL>select * from v$nls_parameters;
1 NLS_LANGUAGE SIMPLIFIED CHINESE
2 NLS_TERRITORY CHINA
3 NLS_CURRENCY ？
4 NLS_ISO_CURRENCY CHINA
5 NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS .,
6 NLS_CALENDAR GREGORIAN
7 NLS_DATE_FORMAT DD-MON-RR
8 NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE SIMPLIFIED CHINESE
9 NLS_CHARACTERSET WE8ISO8859P1
10 NLS_SORT BINARY
11 NLS_TIME_FORMAT HH.MI.SSXFF AM
12 NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM
13 NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR
14 NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR
15 NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY ？
16 NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET AL16UTF16
17 NLS_COMP BINARY
18 NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS BYTE
19 NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP FALSE
CentOS Data Guard成功更改！

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